Boil the pasta in well-salted water until just al dente. Before draining, scoop out 1/2 cup of pasta water. Drain.
While the pasta cooks, heat the olive oil in a large skillet over medium-high heat. Add the garlic and stir 30 seconds.
Add the broccoli, zucchini, and bell peppers. Cook 5-6 minutes, stirring, until tender-crisp with a little char at the edges.
Add the cherry tomatoes and cook 1-2 minutes until they just start to burst.
Add the drained pasta, lemon juice, and a splash of pasta water. Toss hard for 1 minute until everything is glossy.
Off the heat, toss with parmesan, salt, pepper, and fresh herbs. Add more pasta water a splash at a time if it looks dry.